THE COMING OF A NEW MEDICINE
MEDICAL RESEARCH WRITING GROUP MRWG gives information about the pharmacology of medicines, their mechanism of action, indications and side effects. MRWG also is interested in the making of the pharmaceuticals. At its best MWRG informs about the chemistryof this process. MRWG reports in crystal clear language as to just how specific medicines and/or drugs interfere with the body’s own systems. Actually, MRWG eases any writing and research project. FRANTZ MARIA IZANNE BATAILLE, MD
Thursday, October 2, 2014
Saturday, May 31, 2014
CHRONICLES : BODY LANGUAGE & DIAGNOSTIC ( PART I)
WHAT OUR BODY IS TELLING US...
PART I
PART I
· Before any
examination, body language happens to help sometimes. Notice how shape, color,movement, size & expression or attitude refer to deep
health conditions.
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| Bell's Palsy |
H
|
uman
body never lies, according to a saying. In daily life as
well as when affected by disease. Let’s see how it express itself in ailments.
To people and clinicians acquainted
with healthcare conditions, there are some details that help map out the
beginning and the worsening of a pathology. The body has a story on its own;
and the following physical change gives very often some clues to pinpoint a lot
of diseases when it is not about all of them.
This
physical change comprises besides the BMI
1. Shape
2. Siᴢe
3. Position
4. Location
5. Colour
6. Sounds
The BMI, the Body Mass Index
refers to weight and height at once. Overweight
people tend to develop current conditions such as stroke, hypertension,
diabetes, colon cancer, lipidemia, coronary heart disease, sleep apnea and so
forth. So do underweight ones when suffering from a proteino-calories
deficiency like that happens in underdeveloped countries.
By the same token, any modification in size, shape are also
features of many underlying disorders.
At the level of face, to begin
with, the facial nerve, the WII, when affected, gives birth to some
modifications. Bell’s palsy is the best example of the
involvement of this nerve. Clinically Bell’s palsy reunites the following
signs: eyelid drop, incapacity to close one eye, congested nose, and drop
tear; Horner’s syndrome, with its cluster of clinical features and signs at the
face is another example of expressive body language related to cerebral and
nerve disorders.
Sunday, May 4, 2014
CHRONICLES:THE ATM BATTLE PART 1
ATM % ( AIDS-TUBERCULOSIS-MALARIA)
SEX, AIR & MOSQUITOES
Tuberculosis is back, a Bronx Lebanon Hospital surgeon had been noting a few years ago. But the worst of this returning is that this disease is now resistant to traditional drugs.
What
continues to matter about the ATM Battle is how these three
infectious disease are transmitted. It is helpful to emphasize from the
beginning that human being, protozoan and the breathing air have something to
do with the spreading of these three infections. The least we could
say is mother nature as a whole and living beings seem to play a key role in this
dreadful ballet.
AIDS
(acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is a sexually transmitted condition and for so
falls into the category of STD ( Sexually Transmitted Disease).
Tuberculosis
involves person to person contact through a medium named air.
Malaria
refers to climate, water, marshes but transmission there involves a
protozoan through Anopheles mosquitoes bites.
If
we cannot eradicate these pandemics, we can at least put them under
control. A lot of preventive measures are still going on that
help limit their spreading.
Tuesday, April 1, 2014
MONTEZUMA'S REVENGE-E.COLI -TRAVELER'S DIARRHEA
B
|
esides serious illness
linked to military forays into former colonies or due to climatic bad
adaptation, change or weather disaster, Montezuma’s revenge refers to a kind of
curse that European visitors, tourists from anywhere can go through.Natives and locals used
to call these ailments: Montezuma’s wrath or revenge because of this last Aztec
emperor enslaved and killed by Hernan
Cortes, an illiterate conquistador whose
name has survived his massive killing
among Aztec Indians.
Today, it is considered that any visitor
undergoing traveler’s diarrhea (TDs) is a sort of victim of the Montezuma’s
curse. Te same can be said about Gandhi’s revenge, the Egyptian Mummy’s Tummy
or the curse linked to the Slave route, or triangular Trade of the French in
the late 18th century.
![]() |
| Montezuma |
Whatever it might be, Traveler’s
diarrhea is the most striking aspect of this so-called revenge. A parasite
known as E. coli embodies this Inca revenge and seems to have something to do with
drinking water, half-cooked food and poor sanitation. Add other parasites
namely: Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia, campylobacter as well as protozoans
such as Giardia; all of them can cause TD too.
Montezuma and his fellow citizens can smile
from their graves when watching their victors or descendants’ pay any tribute to innocent and
however vital drinking water of Aztec plateaus. As if, finally in this world,
there exists neither victor nor defeated.
Sic Gloria transit mundi…
GEOGRAPHICAL MALARIA MAP
MALARIA....
A
|
n endemic disease in
more than 100 countries in the world, malaria is hold responsible of
millions deaths every year. Scattered in Sub
Saharian Africa, malaria is also present in Central America, Latin America, and
mostly in Southwestern and Eastern Asia. Caused by bites of a female
mosquito named Anopheles mosquito, that grow in mares and stagnant waters,
malaria is transmitted from person to person through several types of
plasmodium that enters the blood before reproducing itself in the liver. Doctors
acquainted with tropical diseases affirm that malaria can mimic a lot of
diseases, which makes prevention the best way to fight this still deadly
ailment.
Traditional antimalarial drugs are
part of the so called “ shot gun” cocktail that general practitioners used in
the endemic areas.
Unfortunately, during these last
decades, this endemic pathology has become unresponsive to traditional
drugs. Epidemiologists and WHO policy recommend the use
of a combined therapy including artemisin to other antimalarial
drugs.
Artemisin is a sesquiterpene lactone containing an
unusual peroxide bridge.
This peroxide is believed to be responsible for the drug's mechanism of
action.
Friday, March 14, 2014
PAIN & ASPIRINE
Aspirin, acetyl salicylic acid, known also as salicin, is
considered wonderful and labeled “the wonder drug” according
to many writers. Among the four signs of inflammation described in
Roman times by Celsius, 30 AD, namely: redness, heat, swelling and pain, in
Latin: rubor, calor, tumor and dolor ,aspirin continue to address
the most important one which is dolor.
Dolor, in English pain, tells us about “any physical feeling
caused by disease, injury or something unpleasant. As usual, pain is
transmitted to the brain as an information or a signal that something is wrong
in human homeostasis. The messengers aware of this imbalance are the
ending nerve about which Wikipedia writes : Free nerve ending (
FRE) is an “unspecialized afferent nerve ending meaning it brings
information from the body’s periphery toward the brain. Any FRE
functions as cutaneous receptors and are essentially used by
vertebrates to detect pain.
Acetyl Salicylic Acid act at this level. How so?
By reducing the productions of prostaglandins and thromboxanes and
binding to an enzyme named cyclooxygenase,( COX), required for prostaglandin
and thromboxane synthesis, aspirin plays a key role. Prostaglandins are
local hormones (paracrine) produced in the body
and have diverse effects in the body, including but not limited to transmission
of pain information to the brain, modulation of the hypothalamic thermostat, and inflammation As an acetylating agent “where an
acetyl group is covalently attached to a serine residue in the active site of
the COX enzyme, aspirin stops and reverses the pain process. Put shortly,
a former Nobel Price Sir John Robert Vane summarizes these steps
in a few words: aspirin achieves its goal by blocking the production of
prostaglandins.
Next time you get some pain, think about aspirin as your
angel guardian. Thromboxanes are synthetized in endothelial cells lining
our vessels and end up sometimes building up dreadful clots. Thromboxanes are responsible for
the aggregation of platelets that
form blood clots. There
also, aspirin doesn’t give up. A blood thinner, aspirin fights on as
well. As so, it becomes over the years the main drug to prevent heart attack
and stroke.
Never had preventive medicine relied on such a weapon.
Saturday, February 22, 2014
CHEST PAINS THAT ARE NOT RELATED TO THE HEART
Not
all chest pains are heart related. An acronym NCCP (Non Cardiac Chest Pain) refers
to this condition.
Needless to say how much deceptive it might be by missing a MI or an ACS while discharging as a result from the Emergency Department a patient complaining
of chest pain with the so-called GI
cocktail. Even though every year a good
percentage of Americans go to see their doctors or rush into the emergency
service with a disastrous chest pain, there still are chest pain that are not heart related . Here
are some :
- · GI Disorders such as : Esophagitis, gastro-duodenal ulcers, pancreatitis,
- · GERD ( gastroesophageal reflux disease) gallbladder inflammation,
- · Lungs Diseases: pleuritis, pneumothorax
- · Aorta Dissection
- · Chest wall inflammation
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